In a strategic move during its search antitrust trial remedies phase, Google has issued subpoenas to three major competitors in the artificial intelligence space - OpenAI, Perplexity AI, and Microsoft. The subpoenas, originally sent in October and made public on Monday through legal filings, seek detailed information about these companies' AI and search-related activities.
The tech giant appears to be building a case that its search monopoly faces competition from AI-powered alternatives. Google's subpoenas request extensive data from each company:
From OpenAI, Google seeks ChatGPT usage statistics, distribution agreements, details about AI model training data, and board minutes related to search and advertising strategies.
Perplexity AI has been asked to provide download numbers, user data, financial records, and information about its monetization approach, including advertising plans. Google also requested details about Perplexity's perspective on the competitive search landscape.
Microsoft's subpoena focuses on agreements with AI companies like OpenAI and Perplexity, documentation about AI model training data, and materials about integrating generative AI into search and advertising services.
The targeted companies have responded differently to these requests. Perplexity plans to file objections and begin producing documents by early January. OpenAI has agreed to share some information while objecting to requests involving trade secrets. Microsoft will comply with most requests but contests those involving confidential agreements.
Industry experts suggest the implications could be far-reaching. Adam Epstein, co-CEO of adMarketplace, notes that maintaining control over search distribution would give Google time to enhance its Gemini AI service while potentially outpacing competitors.
Evelyn Mitchell-Wolf, an eMarketer analyst, points out that emerging platforms like Perplexity face challenges in scaling their advertising businesses and gaining market share against Google's established presence.
The subpoenas emerge as Google faces pressure from the Department of Justice's proposal for the company to sell Chrome, adding another layer of complexity to the ongoing antitrust proceedings. As the legal battle continues, the outcome could reshape the landscape of search technology and digital advertising.